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An interventional study in 1,232 young German children to prevent the development of melanocytic nevi failed to change sun exposure and sun protective behavior

机译：一项针对1,232名德国年轻儿童的预防性研究（预防黑素细胞痣的发展）未能改变日光照射和太阳保护行为

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Sunscreens have been proposed as protective measures to inhibit the development of melanocytic nevi in childhood and to decrease the long term risk for cutaneous melanoma development. Our present study investigates the influence of sunscreen use and education on the number of incident melanocytic nevi. A total of 1,812 children in 78 public nursery schools in 2 German cities were randomized to 3 study arms: (i) parents were informed on study purpose and sun protection measures only at an initial educational meeting; (ii) parents received educational material 3 times yearly; and (iii) education and 800 ml free broad spectrum sunscreens with sun protection factor 25 provided on a yearly basis. Final assessment after 3 years follow-up included 1,232 children (68%). Changes of sun protection habits including sunscreen use were sparse, without any differences attributable to the intervention efforts. As a consequence, there were no significant differences between the 3 study arms for the main outcome measure, the number of incident melanocytic nevi. Analysis of the sunscreen use in the entire cohort irrespective of our study arms did not show any impact on incident nevus numbers in bivariate or multivariate analysis. In conclusion, intervention with educational letters and free sunscreens seemingly had no additional effect on sun-protection for German children. High prevalence of sunscreen use at study commencement, social desirability, and inadequate application of sunscreens might have partially covered their effect.
机译：已经提出了防晒剂作为保护措施，以抑制儿童黑素细胞痣的发展并降低皮肤黑色素瘤发展的长期风险。我们目前的研究调查了防晒霜的使用和教育对黑素细胞痣数量的影响。在德国2个城市的78所公立幼儿园中，共有1,812名儿童被随机分配到3个研究小组：（i）仅在初次教育会议上向父母告知了研究目的和防晒措施； （ii）父母每年收到3次教育材料； （iii）每年提供教育和800毫升免费的广谱防晒霜，其防晒系数为25。三年随访后的最终评估包括1,232名儿童（68％）。防晒习惯（包括使用防晒霜）的变化很少，干预措施之间没有任何差异。结果，在三个研究组之间，主要结果指标即黑素细胞痣的发生数量没有显着差异。不论我们的研究小组如何，对整个队列中的防晒霜使用情况进行的分析在双变量或多变量分析中均未显示对入射痣的数量有任何影响。总而言之，用教育信件和免费的防晒霜进行干预似乎对德国儿童的防晒没有额外的影响。研究开始时使用防晒霜的普遍性，社会期望以及防晒霜使用不充分可能部分掩盖了其作用。

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